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Chromatin plays a central role in the conversion of energy in cells: alteration of chromatin structure to make DNA accessible consumes energy, and compaction of chromatin preserves energy. Alteration of chroma...
Cellular identity is determined partly by cell type-specific epigenomic profiles that regulate gene expression. In neuroscience, there is a pressing need to isolate and characterize the epigenomes of specific ...
In a heterogeneous population of cells, individual cells can behave differently and respond variably to the environment. This cellular diversity can be assessed by measuring DNA methylation patterns. The loci ...
During early mammalian development, DNA methylation undergoes two waves of reprogramming, enabling transitions between somatic cells, oocyte and embryo. The first wave of de novo DNA methylation establishment ...
Cell–cell communication is mediated by membrane receptors and their ligands, such as the Eph/ephrin system, orchestrating cell migration during development and in diverse cancer types. Epigenetic mechanisms ar...
Epigenome editing refers to the targeted reprogramming of genomic loci using an EpiEditor which may consist of an sgRNA/dCas9 complex that recruits DNMT3A/3L to the target locus. Methylation of the locus can l...
Classical studies on position effect variegation in Drosophila have demonstrated the existence of bi-modal Active/Silent state of the genes juxtaposed to heterochromatin. Later studies with irreversible methods f...
Vitamin C (vitC) enhances the activity of 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases, including TET enzymes, which catalyse DNA demethylation, and Jumonji-domain histone demethylases. The epigenetic remodelling pro...
Histone variant H3.3 plays novel roles in development as compared to canonical H3 proteins and is the most commonly mutated histone protein of any kind in human disease. Here we discuss how gene targeting stud...
Genome-wide DNA methylation (DNAme) profiling of the placenta with Illumina Infinium Methylation bead arrays is often used to explore the connections between in utero exposures, placental pathology, and fetal ...
NPM1 is a phosphoprotein highly abundant in the nucleolus. However, additional nuclear functions have been attributed to NPM1, probably through interaction with other nuclear factors. DOT1L is one interaction ...
Blood-based tests have public appeal in screening cancers due to their minimally invasive nature, ability to integrate with other routine blood tests, and high compliance. This study aimed to investigate wheth...
Despite well-documented effects on human health, the action modes of environmental pollutants are incompletely understood. Although transcriptome-based approaches are widely used to predict associations betwee...
Breast cancer, the most common malignancy in women worldwide, has been proven to have both altered plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) methylation and fragmentation profiles. Nevertheless, simultaneously detecting bo...
Cardiomyocyte growth and differentiation rely on precise gene expression regulation, with epigenetic modifications emerging as key players in this intricate process. Among these modifications, N6-methyladenosi...
DNA hypermethylation is an epigenetic feature that modulates gene expression, and its deregulation is observed in cancer. Previously, we identified a neural-related DNA hypermethylation fingerprint in colon ca...
Fatty liver disease or the accumulation of fat in the liver, has been reported to affect the global population. This comes with an increased risk for the development of fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular ...
Super-enhancers are large, densely concentrated swaths of enhancers that regulate genes critical for cell identity. Tumorigenesis is accompanied by changes in the super-enhancer landscape. These aberrant super...
The function of DNA methyltransferase genes of insects is a puzzle, because an association between gene expression and methylation is not universal for insects. If the genes normally involved in cytosine methy...
Our understanding of the organization of the chromatin fiber within the cell nucleus has made great progress in the last few years. High-resolution techniques based on next-generation sequencing as well as opt...
RNA modifications have been known for many years, but their function has not been fully elucidated yet. For instance, the regulatory role of acetylation on N4-cytidine (ac4C) in RNA can be explored not only in...
Gene expression in malaria parasites is subject to various layers of regulation, including histone post-translational modifications (PTMs). Gene regulatory mechanisms have been extensively studied during the m...
The three-dimensional configuration of the eukaryotic genome is an emerging area of research. Chromosome conformation capture outlined genome segregation into large scale A and B compartments corresponding mai...
High-throughput sequencing (HTS) offers unprecedented opportunities for the discovery of causative gene variants in multiple human disorders including cancers, and has revolutionized clinical diagnostics. Howe...
The original article was published in Epigenetics & Chromatin 2022 15:41
Interactions among topologically associating domains (TADs), and between the nuclear envelope (NE) and lamina-associated domains (LADs) are expected to shape various aspects of three-dimensional (3D) chromatin...
During epididymal transit spermatozoa acquire specific morphological features which enhance their ability to swim in a progressive manner and interact with the oocytes. At the same time, sperm cells undergo sp...
Patients with balanced X-autosome translocations and premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) constitute an interesting paradigm to study the effect of chromosome repositioning. Their breakpoints are clustered wi...
Dynamic chromatin remodeling is associated with changes in the epigenetic pattern of histone acetylations and methylations required for processes based on dynamic chromatin remodeling and implicated in differe...
The inheritance of acquired traits in mammals is a highly controversial topic in biology. Recently, Takahashi et al. (Cell 186:715–731, 2023) have reported that insertion of CpG-free DNA into a CpG island (CGI...
Proteolysis of the histone H3 N-terminal tail (H3NT) is an evolutionarily conserved epigenomic feature of nearly all eukaryotes, generating a cleaved H3 product that is retained in ~ 5–10% of the genome. Altho...
Histone modifications are one of the many key mechanisms that regulate gene expression. Ash1 is a histone H3K36 methyltransferase and is involved in gene activation. Ash1 forms a large complex with Mrg15 and C...
Single-cell technologies to analyze transcription and chromatin structure have been widely used in many research areas to reveal the functions and molecular properties of cells at single-cell resolution. Sampl...
IDH1/2 hotspot mutations are well known to drive oncogenic mutations in gliomas and are well-defined in the WHO 2021 classification of central nervous system tumors. Specifically, IDH mutations lead to aberrant h...
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a leading cause of death in diabetic patients. Hyperglycemic myocardial microenvironment significantly alters chromatin architecture and the transcriptome, resulting in aberran...
Epigenetic reprogramming is involved in luteinizing hormone (LH)-induced ovulation; however, the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown.
Eukaryotic cells can rapidly adjust their transcriptional profile in response to molecular needs. Such dynamic regulation is, in part, achieved through epigenetic modifications and selective incorporation of h...
Polycomb group RING finger protein 6 (PCGF6) plays an important role as a regulator of transcription in a variety of cellular processes, including tumorigenesis. However, the function and expression of PCGF6 i...
KDM5 family proteins are multi-domain regulators of transcription that when dysregulated contribute to cancer and intellectual disability. KDM5 proteins can regulate transcription through their histone demethy...
Allele-specific methylation of the imprinting control region (ICR) is the molecular basis for the genomic imprinting phenomenon that is unique to placental mammals. We previously showed that the ICR at the mouse
Structural Maintenance of Chromosomes (SMC) complexes are molecular machines driving chromatin organization at higher levels. In eukaryotes, three SMC complexes (cohesin, condensin and SMC5/6) play key roles i...
With the advance of bisulfite sequencing technologies, massive amount of methylation data have been generated, which provide unprecedented opportunities to study the epigenetic mechanism and its relationship t...
Cellular differentiation is marked by temporally and spatially coordinated gene expression regulated at multiple levels. DNA methylation represents a universal mechanism to control chromatin organization and i...
Preconception exposure to phthalates such as the anti-androgenic dibutyl-phthalate (DBP) impacts both male and female reproduction, yet how this occurs largely remains unknown. Previously we defined a series o...
Sex determination and differentiation are complex and delicate processes. In female chickens, the process of sex differentiation is sensitive and prone to be affected by the administration of aromatase inhibit...
Many human disease phenotypes manifest differently by sex, making the development of methods for incorporating X and Y-chromosome data into analyses vital. Unfortunately, X and Y chromosome data are frequently...
Regulatory elements such as promoters, enhancers, and insulators interact each other to mediate molecular processes. To capture chromatin interactions of regulatory elements, 3C-derived methods such as Hi-C an...
The Correction to this article has been published in Epigenetics & Chromatin 2023 16:22
Epigenome-edited animal models enable direct demonstration of disease causing epigenetic mutations. Transgenic (TG) mice stably expressing epigenome-editing factors exhibit dramatic and stable changes in targe...
Intellectual disability is a well-known hallmark of Down Syndrome (DS) that results from the triplication of the critical region of human chromosome 21 (HSA21). Major studies were conducted in recent years to ...
Nucleosome-mediated chromatin compaction has a direct effect on the accessibility of trans-acting activators and repressors to DNA targets and serves as a primary regulatory agent of genetic expression. Unders...
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Epigenetics & Chromatin