Table 4 Genes that were differentially expressed between ventricles from juvenile snapping turtles that had normal-sized or enlarged hearts relative to their body size

CS000003025

DnaJ heat shock protein family (Hsp40) member A2

DNAJA2

− 4.00011659

CS000005942

Mucin 2, oligomeric mucus/gel-forming

MUC2

− 4

CS000020789

− 4

CS000020715

− 3.970542981

CS000000246

− 3.412275459

CS000000714

Interleukin 22

IL22

− 2.460702344

CS000008734

Mast cell proteinase-3

− 2.313632939

CS000006768

Capping protein, Arp2/3 and myosin-I linker protein 3-like

− 2.266058389

CS000018994

Capping protein regulator and myosin 1 linker 3

CARMIL3

− 2.256232917

CS000008168

Glucagon

GCG

− 1.725877497

CS000002882

Short chain dehydrogenase (predicted)

− 1.68846675

CS000020555

Granzyme H

GZMH

− 1.641521247

CS000011467

T brachyury transcription factor

TBXT

− 1.62277543

CS000009580

Advillin

AVIL

− 1.59555768

CS000017383

G protein-coupled receptor 62

GPR62

− 1.591541521

CS000018663

Deleted in malignant brain tumors 1 protein-like

− 1.525993727

CS000008605

Contactin associated protein 1

CNTNAP1

− 1.459617958

CS000010544

C-type lectin-domain family 2 member D

CLEC2D

− 1.349128576

CS000014353

Aldo–keto reductase family 1, member C3 (3-alpha hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, type II)

− 1.341939485

CS000008622

Sclerostin

sost

− 1.338528092

CS000013408

Solute carrier family 8 member A2

SLC8A2

− 1.333783678

CS000012528

Persephin

PSPN

− 1.322706586

CS000009180

CD69 molecule

CD69

− 1.320171193

CS000019803

− 1.292382379

CS000000790

NFKB inhibitor like 1

NFKBIL1

− 1.268443921

CS000020022

Carcinoembryonic antigen related cell adhesion molecule 1

CEACAM1

− 1.249402634

CS000009788

Bone morphogenetic protein 10

BMP10

− 1.185425524

CS000012770

Nudix hydrolase 15

NUDT15

− 1.174821415

CS000002010

Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group D member 2-like

NR1D2

− 1.135755617

CS000012951

Zinc finger CW-type and PWWP domain containing 1

ZCWPW1

− 1.131146467

CS000015104

Rho GTPase activating protein 27

ARHGAP27

− 1.12138132

CS000009000

Cytochrome P450 family 8 subfamily B member 1

CYP8B1

− 1.119197734

CS000023981

Zinc finger protein 501-like

− 1.109988843

CS000019117

− 1.093528795

CS000004600

− 1.076659475

CS000020803

− 1.076581749

CS000024876

MHC class II DLA DRB1 beta chain

− 0.99585363

CS000003266

Synaptotagmin-15

SYT15

− 0.992965859

CS000013911

− 0.970276375

CS000022474

Dedicator of cytokinesis 2

DOCK2

− 0.970046644

CS000011784

C-type lectin-domain family 2, member e

− 0.947959012

CS000009177

Zinc finger protein 2

ZNF2

− 0.9470744

CS000017654

Junctophilin 4

JPH4

− 0.9449115

CS000017263

USH1 protein network component harmonin

USH1C

− 0.941279454

CS000012524

Synovial sarcoma, X breakpoint 2 interacting protein S homeolog

ssx2ip.S

− 0.939268547

CS000000565

Ras and Rab interactor-like protein

RINL

− 0.892810687

CS000023033

Calcitonin receptor

CALCR

− 0.88702029

CS000016033

Ring finger protein 25

rnf25

− 0.882108694

CS000021269

Neural EGFL like 1

NELL1

− 0.868462024

CS000012971

Neuron derived neurotrophic factor

NDNF

− 0.866800964

CS000020495

Kinase non-catalytic C-lobe domain containing 1

KNDC1

− 0.852740249

CS000002530

Collagen type XX alpha 1 chain

COL20A1

− 0.843443212

CS000012304

− 0.799063985

CS000001767

Septin 5

SEPTIN5

− 0.795109503

CS000013081

PR/SET domain 8

PRDM8

− 0.778512974

CS000024963

Zinc finger protein 862

ZNF862

− 0.776513766

CS000002362

Acid sensing ion channel subunit 1

asic1

− 0.77548223

CS000006802

Sortilin related VPS10 domain containing receptor 1

SORCS1

− 0.774579369

CS000003991

Nuclear receptor subfamily 0 group B member 2-like

NR0B2

− 0.752752113

CS000008630

− 0.742661864

CS000011782

C-type lectin-domain family 2 member D

CLEC2D

− 0.738112094

CS000020166

Tweety family member 1

TTYH1

− 0.727823227

CS000017666

Spectrin beta, non-erythrocytic 4

SPTBN4

− 0.727759339

CS000019541

Chromosome 21 orf 58

C21orf58

− 0.693870417

CS000014966

Ficolin 3

FCN3

− 0.683027443

CS000007237

Collectin subfamily member 10

COLEC10

− 0.67828483

CS000023359

Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator like 3

RGL3

− 0.676871711

CS000001261

− 0.673565294

CS000015636

Ecto-NOX disulfide-thiol exchanger 1

enox1

− 0.667186029

CS000018597

Neurexin 2

NRXN2

− 0.658378249

CS000004183

Kelch-like 42

− 0.645354432

CS000005642

Topoisomerase (DNA) III alpha

TOP3A

− 0.637881286

CS000012953

Immunoglobulin superfamily containing leucine-rich repeat

ISLR

− 0.636348281

CS000001835

Actin-binding Rho activating protein

ABRA

− 0.622678244

CS000006362

Nicotinamide riboside kinase 2

NMRK2

− 0.57894428

CS000000038

KH and NYN domain containing

KHNYN

− 0.560880734

CS000004606

Aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator like

ARNTL

− 0.550619038

CS000008808

Alcohol dehydrogenase, iron containing 1

ADHFE1

− 0.546993977

CS000012473

Progestin and adipoQ receptor family member 6

PAQR6

− 0.540783679

CS000020112

Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator-like 2

RGL2

− 0.528180794

CS000024555

Stimulator of chondrogenesis 1

SCRG1

− 0.525168151

CS000003254

Tubulin tyrosine ligase like 3

TTLL3

− 0.517188122

CS000010967

− 0.516398171

CS000002912

Tripartite motif containing 21

TRIM21

− 0.514703

CS000016053

Sosondowah ankyrin repeat-domain family member C

SOWAHC

− 0.50414698

CS000007586

Proline and arginine rich end leucine rich repeat protein

PRELP

− 0.495350825

CS000019628

Predicted gene 4070

− 0.478962063

CS000000139

Galactosidase beta 1 like

glb1l

− 0.476795916

CS000009979

Cysteine rich transmembrane BMP regulator 1

CRIM1

− 0.465661576

CS000025399

Collagen type IV alpha 6 chain

COL4A6

− 0.464490703

CS000014745

Cadherin EGF LAG seven-pass G-type receptor 3

celsr3

− 0.458822636

CS000002394

Neurotrimin

NTM

− 0.456792451

CS000024488

Endogenous retrovirus group MER34 member 1

ERVMER34-1

− 0.456570624

CS000002168

fibroblast growth factor receptor 3

FGFR3

− 0.45517114

CS000009429

Endogenous retrovirus group PABLB member 1 Env polyprotein

ERVPABLB-1

− 0.454624962

CS000000163

DNA polymerase kappa

POLK

− 0.449829124

CS000000791

TNF receptor-associated factor 2-like

− 0.446715719

CS000013923

− 0.438881138

CS000010076

Tripartite motif containing 27

TRIM27

− 0.437359644

CS000012780

Potassium channel regulator

KCNRG

− 0.435061589

CS000020545

Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase-like

− 0.425412793

CS000018595

Signal-induced proliferation-associated 1

SIPA1

− 0.420335966

CS000017396

RNA-binding motif protein 5

RBM5

− 0.420294548

CS000015645

Regulator of cell cycle

RGCC

− 0.410119835

CS000008765

TBC1 domain containing kinase

TBCK

− 0.409881882

CS000010919

Solute carrier family 25 member 10

SLC25A10

− 0.402643235

CS000002886

Collagen type XV alpha 1 chain

COL15A1

− 0.399950238

CS000013998

Patatin like phospholipase domain containing 7

PNPLA7

− 0.393493799

CS000009498

Glypican 3

GPC3

− 0.383165019

CS000025210

Wnt family member 11

WNT11

− 0.382187878

CS000013883

BCL tumor suppressor 7B

BCL7B

− 0.378585114

CS000023516

Hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha subunit

HIF1A

− 0.377701984

CS000014058

Collagen, type XVIII, alpha 1

COL18A1

− 0.360702793

CS000017272

RNA-binding motif protein 10

RBM10

− 0.359302205

CS000001770

Neuroepithelial cell transforming 1

NET1

− 0.352443733

CS000004853

Collagen type III alpha 1 chain

COL3A1

− 0.328008574

CS000024953

− 0.321005944

CS000005987

Tyrosine kinase 2

TYK2

− 0.298269494

CS000012361

FUS RNA-binding protein

FUS

− 0.29508553

CS000007770

Nucleolar protein 8

NOL8

− 0.294633032

CS000024095

Syntrophin beta 1

SNTB1

− 0.294318957

CS000003363

Programmed cell death 11

PDCD11

− 0.264560467

CS000018465

Family with sequence similarity 234 member A

FAM234A

− 0.255178537

CS000007341

Catenin delta 1

CTNND1

− 0.251866178

CS000012875

LOC400927-CSNK1E readthrough

TPTEP2-CSNK1E

− 0.230967711

CS000003886

PDZ domain containing ring finger 3

PDZRN3

0.22442223

CS000020331

Cyclin-dependent kinase 17

CDK17

0.241724877

CS000008574

2′,3′-Cyclic nucleotide 3′ phosphodiesterase

CNP

0.266261699

CS000015509

Sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 5

SCN5A

0.310625656

CS000009739

Tropomyosin 3

TPM3

0.312184844

CS000025418

Peptidylprolyl isomerase A

PPIA

0.314495662

CS000023518

MNAT1, CDK activating kinase assembly factor

MNAT1

0.323120508

CS000013900

N-Acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate transferase alpha and beta subunits

GNPTAB

0.324699426

CS000008711

Synaptosome associated protein 29

SNAP29

0.325626966

CS000004194

Mitochondrial ribosomal protein S18C

MRPS18C

0.327277429

CS000008823

Nuclear receptor coactivator 2

NCOA2

0.327760834

CS000002566

VAMP associated protein B and C

VAPB

0.327878453

CS000023702

Prefoldin subunit 1

PFDN1

0.332371862

CS000008476

Growth factor receptor bound protein 10

GRB10

0.338931617

CS000004780

Amyloid beta precursor protein-binding family A member 1

APBA1

0.340118016

CS000006903

Family with sequence similarity 183, member A

FAM183A

0.340987831

CS000001976

HAUS augmin like complex subunit 8

HAUS8

0.3445911

CS000012782

SPRY domain containing 7

SPRYD7

0.353656911

CS000011256

Sushi domain containing 3

SUSD3

0.362482561

CS000013749

Pitrilysin metallopeptidase 1

PITRM1

0.38762199

CS000007925

Family with sequence similarity 118 member B

FAM118B

0.392163014

CS000020039

Mitochondrial intermediate peptidase

MIPEP

0.394441129

CS000014649

Hematological and neurological expressed 1

HN1

0.40118652

CS000003093

Cadherin 13

CDH13

0.40428373

CS000008885

Neural precursor cell expressed, developmentally down-regulated 9

NEDD9

0.406086208

CS000009999

HAUS augmin like complex subunit 1

HAUS1

0.407190489

CS000012325

Receptor interacting serine/threonine kinase 2

RIPK2

0.407834454

CS000003646

Ubiquitin conjugating enzyme E2 B

UBE2B

0.409403598

CS000015494

Limb development membrane protein 1

LMBR1

0.413015468

CS000014842

LARGE xylosyl- and glucuronyltransferase 1

LARGE1

0.418322361

CS000009751

Myosin light chain 7

MYL7

0.419170988

CS000003679

Mitogen-activated protein kinase 9

MAPK9

0.422947717

CS000000944

Troponin T2, cardiac type

TNNT2

0.431038749

CS000002295

Family with sequence similarity 83 member H

fam83h

0.431750631

CS000007019

Aquaporin 9

AQP9

0.436004498

CS000016136

Early endosome antigen 1

EEA1

0.443580231

CS000023302

Cdc42 guanine nucleotide exchange factor 9

ARHGEF9

0.459948169

CS000021606

Ependymin related 1

EPDR1

0.477676177

CS000011866

Ras homolog family member C

RHOC

0.481673372

CS000019402

Heat shock protein family B (small) member 3

HSPB3

0.490224239

CS000013608

Transmembrane protein 51

TMEM51

0.490548583

CS000023885

Formin homology 2 domain containing 3

FHOD3

0.495382703

CS000018274

Cysteine and glycine rich protein 1

CSRP1

0.498739165

CS000003393

ArfGAP with GTPase domain, ankyrin repeat and PH domain 1

AGAP1

0.499342757

CS000002632

Cysteine and glycine rich protein 3

CSRP3

0.506402578

CS000023152

Mindbomb E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1

MIB1

0.506464289

CS000005359

Synaptotagmin 11

SYT11

0.507330807

CS000000947

Pleckstrin homology-like domain family A member 3

PHLDA3

0.523937739

CS000000229

Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily J member 11

KCNJ11

0.524801955

CS000020271

Myosin, light chain 12A, regulatory, non-sarcomeric

MYL12A

0.529612298

CS000011198

Adaptor protein, phosphotyrosine interacting with PH domain and leucine zipper 1

APPL1

0.535485261

CS000000757

Testis development related protein

TDRP

0.552047882

CS000005687

G protein subunit alpha 12

GNA12

0.556060953

CS000000925

Nicotinamide riboside kinase 2-like

0.559479152

CS000020993

TYRO3 protein tyrosine kinase

TYRO3

0.560184602

CS000009817

Rho related BTB domain containing 2

RHOBTB2

0.561224935

CS000011090

Secreted phosphoprotein 1

SPP1

0.562276569

CS000006432

Glutathione peroxidase 4

GPX4

0.570135795

CS000000499

Myopalladin

MYPN

0.570884545

CS000007378

Heat shock protein family B (small) member 1

HSPB1

0.57397187

CS000012962

Protease, serine 12

PRSS12

0.583446299

CS000005505

SIVA1 apoptosis inducing factor

SIVA1

0.584199204

CS000023280

Sorbin and SH3 domain containing 2

SORBS2

0.592192854

CS000008152

LY75-CD302 readthrough

LY75-CD302

0.601643015

CS000006114

Chordin like 1

CHRDL1

0.606688517

CS000005009

Ring finger protein 207

RNF207

0.606887706

CS000004917

Bone morphogenetic protein receptor type 2

BMPR2

0.608134843

CS000008531

Digestive cysteine proteinase 2-like

0.608312906

CS000000963

Cardiac-enriched FHL2-interacting protein

CUNH10orf71

0.619320903

CS000020738

Protein phosphatase, Mg²⁺/Mn²⁺-dependent 1H

PPM1H

0.625433587

CS000001051

Monooxygenase DBH like 1

MOXD1

0.627515741

CS000019311

Protein kinase C alpha

PRKCA

0.628980813

CS000010890

Family with sequence similarity 169 member A

FAM169A

0.647101757

CS000023075

CD109 molecule

CD109

0.649459241

CS000005076

0.653243213

CS000014425

B-Raf proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase

BRAF

0.65486808

CS000004507

Cathepsin L

ctsl

0.655047104

CS000012086

Actin, aortic smooth muscle-like

ACTA2

0.670113468

CS000013316

KIAA0368

KIAA0368

0.692998191

CS000018070

Male germ cell associated kinase

MAK

0.700509414

CS000012890

Sestrin 3

SESN3

0.706989256

CS000003989

Pleckstrin homology domain interacting protein

PHIP

0.710494062

CS000017173

Solute carrier family 2 member 11

SLC2A11

0.732703259

CS000020613

Ribosomal protein S18-like

0.73789984

CS000009633

Activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule

ALCAM

0.742827537

CS000011644

DNA polymerase zeta catalytic subunit

REV3L

0.770984303

CS000004444

RAB33A, member RAS oncogene family

RAB33A

0.780890859

CS000014388

BICD cargo adaptor 1

BICD1

0.789743481

CS000019543

0.821651965

CS000009594

UDP glycosyltransferase 8-like

UGT8L

0.823852981

CS000008337

Protein phosphatase, Mg²⁺/Mn²⁺-dependent 1L

PPM1L

0.848557469

CS000009656

Collagen type VIII alpha 1 chain

COL8A1

0.897700653

CS000006655

G protein-coupled receptor kinase 3

GRK3

0.898389538

CS000012858

Suppressor of cytokine signaling 2

SOCS2

0.945191217

CS000010981

ATP-binding cassette subfamily A member 5

ABCA5

0.957982052

CS000001795

Transmembrane protein 71

TMEM71

0.991430672

CS000023496

AHNAK nucleoprotein 2

AHNAK2

0.996386481

CS000003395

Ankyrin repeat and SOCS box containing 18

ASB18

1.000007423

CS000019856

TNF receptor associated factor 2

TRAF2

1.000486113

CS000004132

Low density lipoprotein receptor class A domain containing 4

LDLRAD4

1.016079793

CS000018434

1.023357895

CS000021605

Secreted frizzled related protein 4

SFRP4

1.024078897

CS000004537

Charged multivesicular body protein 4C

CHMP4C

1.033646338

CS000009567

Keratin 18

KRT18

1.107725712

CS000018802

LanC like 3

LANCL3

1.116482677

CS000005377

Galectin 1

LGALS1

1.139460825

CS000014226

MOB kinase activator 1B

MOB1B

1.171832671

CS000018642

Hyaluronan-binding protein 2

HABP2

1.185512417

CS000006855

Transforming acidic coiled-coil-containing protein 2

TACC2

1.237644425

CS000005131

Glutaredoxin

GLRX

1.274526454

CS000022717

Fibrinogen C domain containing 1

FIBCD1

1.354378958

CS000024186

Leucine rich repeat containing 3B

LRRC3B

1.366458011

CS000011960

Crystallin alpha B

CRYAB

1.397658976

CS000013643

Heat shock protein 30C L homeolog

1.419468073

CS000018346

Abnormal spindle microtubule assembly

ASPM

1.420184199

CS000014980

Complement factor B

CFB

1.459428513

CS000011910

Heat shock protein 30C L homeolog

1.508403744

CS000008585

Heat shock protein, alpha-crystallin-related, b11

1.521530969

CS000005252

Myomesin 3

MYOM3

1.56777953

CS000012224

TNF receptor associated factor 3

TRAF3

1.605321051

CS000021043

Complement C1s

C1S

1.630815717

CS000013370

Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 3

entpd3

1.743604465

CS000004501

1.793715013

CS000007782

Musculoskeletal, embryonic nuclear protein 1

mustn1

1.852375511

CS000022000

Mast cell proteinase-1

CPT1B

1.895535655

CS000016407

Fc fragment of IgG-binding protein

FCGBP

1.955167136

CS000012089

CD59 Molecule (CD59 Blood Group)-like

CD59

2.005971296

CS000001877

Glycoprotein nmb

GPNMB

2.090003205

CS000025123

Mast cell proteinase-3

2.432617325

CS000000238

Tryptophan hydroxylase 1

TPH1

2.525652753

CS000006963

Secretogranin II

SCG2

3.207453439