Fig. 6

VitC activates human L1s in hESCs. A Alignment of ChIP-seq data for KDM4A in human ESCs (ENCODE data) showing that KDM4A is highly enriched at the 5′ UTR of young L1s (L1Hs, L1PA2). B qRT-PCR data showing L1 expression in primed hESCs (H9 NK2) following vitC treatment for 24 or 48 h, compared to untreated controls. Multiple 5′ UTR primers were used. C Western blot for human ORF1p in primed (H9, left panel) and naïve (H9 NK2, right panel) hESCs. Relative quantification (RQ) values are shown below. D Analysis of RNA-seq data in control and 24 h vitC-treated primed hESCs by SQuIRE, showing subfamily level expression of young L1s. E Expression of individual full-length L1 loci (from L1Hs, LPA2 or L1PA3 families) in control and vitC-treated cells, analysed by SQuIRE. Note that the values (reads per million) are in a linear scale, not log-transformed