Fig. 1

Overview of the proposed DAR-ChIPEA approach. a Schematic diagram illustrating the difference between our previously reported DEG-ChIPEA method [22] and the proposed DAR-ChIPEA approach. The DEG-ChIPEA method is restricted to analyzing TF binding to the vicinity of gene loci. In contrast, the DAR-ChIPEA approach comprehensively covers TF binding to accessible chromatin regions (obtained from ATAC-seq) across the genome including proximal (e.g., promoters) and distal (e.g., enhancers) regulatory elements. The circles surrounded by dotted lines represent the TFs binding to distal regulatory elements that are not detected in the DEG-ChIPEA method. b To demonstrate the feasibility of DAR-ChIPEA, we identified the TFs enriched at pollutant-induced DARs by analyzing large-scale ChIP-Seq data. Overlaps were evaluated between the DARs (green box) and peak-call data (black lines) of TF-related ChIP-Seq experiments archived in ChIP-Atlas