Skip to main content

Table 1 Dibutyl-phthalate (DBP) responsive Chromatin remodeler cofactors, RNA interactors, Readers, Erasers, and Writers (CRREWs)

From: Phthalates impact on the epigenetic factors contributed specifically by the father at fertilization

A. fivefold Paternal enriched and DBP responsive CRREWs

CRREW

CRREW class

Human sperm proteome

Paternally provided samples

DBP responsive samples

Visually full-length

RE

Mean abundance

DBP study arm

Visually full-length

RE

Baseline mean abundance

Crossover mean abundance

Crossback mean abundance

Movement with phthalate

CUL2

Chromatin remodeler cofactor

Yes

Full-length

chr10_35049683_35049765

73.34378112

B1HB2

Full-length

chr10_35071199_35071339a

45.88953277

36.94494826

33.3796977

Down—same

chr10_35054434_35054539

90.27970798

chr10_35060874_35060968

124.36174959

H1BH2

Full-length

chr10_35031300_35031386

10.9300058

12.60999224

16.5514561

Up—up

chr10_35062960_35063062

76.39002731

EFCAB6

Chromatin remodeler cofactor

Yes

Full-length

chr22_43755766_43755832

47.99058386

H1BH2

Full-length

chr22_43808995_43809131b

23.04421341

22.47121388

30.92004033

Same—up

FBRS

Chromatin remodeler cofactor

No

Full-length

chr16_30661180_30661215

139.16671978

H1BH2

Full-length

chr16_30665035_30665079a

11.7002433

23.79308874

13.77795832

Up—samec

chr16_30661304_30661333

163.82992422

chr16_30662420_30662468

322.18875278

chr16_30665306_30665401a

15.91554696

33.45144483

17.72288399

Up—samec

chr16_30668772_30668979

38.16171231

chr16_30665411_30665530b

25.49395297

12.03010593

22.8260116

Same -upc

FUS

RNA interactor

Yes

Full-length

chr16_31189665_31189794

90.62018963

B1HB2

Full-length

chr16_31179681_31179790a

17.54623506

8.059807977

9.112771891

Down -same

PHF10

Chromatin remodeler cofactor

No

Full-length

chr6_169703905_169704088

56.77073068

B1HB2

Full-length

chr6_169712386_169712539a

104.6714394

73.28088898

72.69274424

Down—samec

chr6_169717742_169717906b

26.5058166

21.75793957

28.02153713

Same -upc

H1BH2

Full-length

chr6_169715708_169715857b

46.4094406

41.91086488

25.73117816

Same—downc

chr6_169715266_169715305b

9.913662168

3.92151334

12.24840542

Same—upc

TP53BP1

Reader

No

Full-length

chr15_43438324_43438416

60.10469689

B1HB2

Full-length (≥ 1 < 35 samples)

chr15_43491669_43491753a

90.52982404

57.56060158

54.69346007

Down—samec

chr15_43474673_43474767a

43.09581869

24.32817473

22.95757362

Down—samec

chr15_43477593_43477759b

19.25400217

11.49681526

12.46340685

Same—upc

B. twofold Paternally enriched and DBP responsive CRREWs

CRREW

CRREW class

Human sperm proteome

Paternally provided samples

 

DBP responsive samples

Visually full-length

RE

Mean abundance

DBP study arm

Visually full-length

RE

Baseline mean abundance

Crossover mean abundance

Crossback mean abundance

Movement with phthalate

ACTB

Chromatin remodeling cofactor

No

Full-length (≥ 1 < 7 samples)

chr7_5529161_5529400

608.1603759

B1HB2

Fail

chr7_5527147_5527891a

9.927226458

39.23923731

76.15182438

Up—same

chr7_5529535_5529663

160.4580747

ASXL3

Chromatin remodeling cofactor

Yes

Full-length (≥ 1 < 7 samples)

chr18_33607594_33607676d

126.69565505

H1BH2

Fail

chr18_33605537_33605658b

49.02305219

57.68603612

29.20425494

Same—down

chr18_33607594_33607676b, d

100.1024646

122.0676208

65.30310662

ATXN7

Chromatin remodeling cofactor

No

Full-length

chr3_63913157_63913225

23.23374838

B1HB2

Full-length (≥ 1 < 35 samples)

chr3_63971410_63971449a

44.13861655

18.85341672

31.88951213

Down—upc

chr3_63952379_63952483

65.56893528

chr3_63970990_63971199a

28.29537781

16.13056589

15.78642347

Down—samec

chr3_63979915_63980167

65.82895373

chr3_63970590_63970729a

28.9651738

31.0349008

22.84394278

chr3_63982186_63982445

51.9743582

chr3_63982939_63983021

86.70154882

H1BH2

Full-length (≥ 1 < 55 samples)

chr3_63990176_63990374a

15.20540033

23.06433484

18.39674764

Up—same

chr3_63988059_63988324

86.65469577

chr3_63997621_63997687

20.627258

BRD2

Reader

No

Full-length (≥ 1 < 7 samples)

chr6_32974462_32974765d

167.2971302

B1HB2

Full-length (≥ 1 < 35 samples)

chr6_32974462_32974765a, d

148.0520041

95.59297034

97.45927523

Down—same

chr6_32975384_32975521

244.581243

chr6_32976031_32976169

246.1430444

chr6_32976250_32976464

449.0591325

chr6_32978126_32978388

290.1415452

chr6_32975021_32975112a

88.41784757

53.73315186

53.689177

chr6_32979828_32980132

215.4520379

chr6_32980342_32980464

246.6401318

CBX8

Reader

No

Full-length (≥ 1 < 7 samples)

chr17_79796250_79796315

109.1088811

B1HB2

Full-length (≥ 1 < 35 samples)

chr17_79796497_79796540a

67.72774064

35.94307833

47.37031239

Down—same

CUL4A

Writer

Yes

Full-length (≥ 1 < 7 samples)

chr13_113245152_113245237d

45.83401639

H1BH2

Fail

chr13_113245152_113245237b, d

4.749607197

11.83695093

4.810742772

Same—down

DDX21

RNA interactor

No

Full-length (≥ 1 < 7 samples)

chr10_68956077_68956312

45.59930818

B1HB2

Full-length (≥ 1 < 35 samples)

chr10_68973545_68973664a

12.48308777

6.652350194

6.801472421

Down—same

chr10_68956128_68956312

58.23824687

chr10_68959806_68960249

27.30981821

DDX5

Chromatin remodeling cofactor

No

Full-length

chr17_64499616_64500326

50.18733594

H1BH2

Full-length (≥ 1 < 55 samples)

chr17_64508057_64508199a

18.07129807

31.49088399

21.44690173

Up—same

chr17_64502439_64502549

222.7743864

chr17_64502926_64503098

174.5232727

chr17_64504677_64504842

562.365823

EYA3

Eraser

No

Full-length (≥ 1 < 7 samples)

chr1_28035544_28035680

40.65905966

B1HB2

Full-length (≥ 1 < 35 samples)

chr1_27989697_27989811a

17.51387147

8.11829011

7.684114697

Down—same

chr1_28038839_28038905

71.9858758

chr1_28042571_28042650d

82.19180154

chr1_28048383_28048426

55.11261243

H1BH2

Full-length (≥ 1 < 55 samples)

chr1_28042571_28042650b, d

89.90445658

77.74204547

93.81864264

Same—up

chr1_28057994_28058094

55.29632114

FBL

Writer

No

Full-length (≥ 1 < 7 samples)

chr19_39834668_39834813

60.41931957

H1BH2

Fail

chr19_39839859_39839958b

18.59527254

27.37708055

9.213151401

Same—down

chr19_39840233_39840327

50.69038934

FOXP1

Chromatin remodeling cofactor

No

Full-length (≥ 1 < 7 samples)

chr3_71041328_71041532d

42.11617683

H1BH2

Fail

chr3_71041328_71041532b, d

15.6839618

13.71369054

15.54280611

Same—up

FOXP4

Chromatin remodeling cofactor

No

Fail

chr6_41587793_41587897

39.27112581

B1HB2

Fail

chr6_41591221_41591322a

45.87619906

26.85038148

20.82985849

Down—same

chr6_41597176_41597242

144.390806

FTO

Eraser

No

Fail

chr16_53873786_53873865

21.75113943

B1HB2

Fail

chr16_54055231_54055250a

69.62113525

20.61269425

18.47722558

down—same

GLYR1

Reader

No

Fail

chr16_4822875_4822931

85.08743926

H1BH2

Fail

chr16_4845074_4845153b, d

36.46972236

46.9269976

20.87481521

Same—down

chr16_4832774_4832912

56.47345151

chr16_4846174_4846210b, d

67.90414093

142.7455894

36.28550649

chr16_4845074_4845153d

86.16449545

chr16_4847228_4847342b

18.02496292

35.7298856

10.55306118

chr16_4846174_4846210d

214.7925019

GSK3B

Writer

No

Full-length

chr3_119863419_119863605

47.57577249

B1HB2

Full-length (≥ 1 < 35 samples)

chr3_119947268_119947351a, d

9.469777621

4.330235615

3.812284788

Down—same

chr3_119876413_119876508

74.65344499

chr3_119905755_119905852

40.17183664

chr3_119947268_119947351d

8.201198964

HDGF

Chromatin remodeling cofactor

No

Full-length (≥ 1 < 7 samples)

chr1_156742107_156743455

29.31885782

B1HB2

Full-length (≥ 1 < 35 samples)

chr1_156746941_156747070a

38.46470389

21.80162743

33.42011021

Down—up

chr1_156745008_156745146

103.5140225

chr1_156745297_156745373

153.7851866

JAK2

Writer

No

Fail

chr9_5044403_5044520

73.43333397

B1HB2

Fail

chr9_5093247_5093296a

20.58490527

32.01820286

32.69512962

Up—same

chr9_5050686_5050831

107.4942939

chr9_5054563_5054884

130.4274597

chr9_5064883_5065040

25.21798197

chr9_5066678_5066789

24.52971222

chr9_5069022_5069208

21.28614607

chr9_5072492_5072626

14.53980654

JMJD1C

Eraser

No

Full-length

chr10_63215263_63215455

35.51650661

B1HB2

Full-length (≥ 1 < 35 samples)

chr10_63380318_63380482b

17.4600717

19.05969651

18.90688543

Same—up

KDM3B

Eraser

No

Full-length (≥ 1 < 7 samples)

chr5_138381516_138381590

46.44162202

B1HB2

Fail

chr5_138381516_138381748a

12.66998754

4.873031368

7.239254403

Down—same

METTL14

Writer

No

Full-length

chr4_118689370_118689457

123.1705451

B1HB2

Full-length (≥ 1 < 35 samples)

chr4_118694436_118694526a, d

83.51980054

46.03741119

51.4908201

Down—same

chr4_118691981_118692068

31.29652938

chr4_118694436_118694526d

64.94446923

chr4_118703935_118704051

25.19397513

NCL

Chromatin remodeling cofactor

No

Full-length (≥ 1 < 7 samples)

chr2_231455378_231455397

102.5438988

B1HB2

Fail

chr2_231461540_231462017a

5.236450253

20.29187093

12.3903226

Up—same

chr2_231455401_231455624

67.46658314

PBK

Writer

No

Fail

chr8_27833056_27833133

84.32665353

B1HB2

Fail

chr8_27822319_27822488a

29.13220667

13.70207793

20.37717724

Down—same

PHC3

Chromatin remodeling cofactor

No

Full-length (≥ 1 < 7 samples)

chr3_170136419_170136665

47.04021032

B1HB2

Fail

chr3_170136366_170136670b

33.10320015

23.37991969

38.36697809

Same—upc

chr3_170125959_170126008b, e

50.56724341

47.14446851

39.30243571

Same—downc

chr3_170145423_170145521

43.83520446

H1BH2

Full-length (≥ 1 < 55 samples)

chr3_170125959_170126008b, e

52.42505534

68.67472239

68.63626944

Up—same

PIAS2

Chromatin remodeling cofactor

Yes

Full-length (≥ 1 < 7 samples)

chr18_46829734_46829867

126.9338048

H1BH2

Full-length (≥ 1 < 55 samples)

chr18_46864164_46864248b

22.18313576

34.11708408

15.93112434

Same—down

chr18_46890580_46891054

94.25493752

PKM

Writer

Yes

Full-length

chr15_72199029_72199756

209.0372187

H1BH2

Full-length (≥ 1 < 55 samples)

chr15_72218943_72219110b

227.6530273

228.3467372

257.298983

Same—up

chr15_72202454_72202620

90.41567139

chr15_72203022_72203188

104.69183

chr15_72206728_72206880

186.5303306

chr15_72207127_72207277

114.0294777

chr15_72208621_72208891

435.9339603

chr15_72221168_72221284b

509.0236626

472.2128562

505.8016084

chr15_72209673_72209859

216.5984929

chr15_72210347_72210478

202.6510004

chr15_72217409_72217500

179.5251466

chr15_72218944_72219110

477.2075803

PRDM2

Writer

No

Full-length (≥ 1 < 7 samples)

chr1_13731000_13731117

24.97864201

B1HB2

Fail

chr1_13732779_13732882a, d

18.88791629

10.83481881

12.63840862

Down—same

chr1_13732779_13732882d

37.83172965

RAD23B

Chromatin remodeling cofactor

No

Full-length

chr9_107300141_107300222

148.4985198

B1HB2

Full-length

chr9_107284227_107284516b

135.0056956

108.3285612

102.4563633

Same—up

chr9_107302035_107302114

358.8938006

chr9_107306379_107306647

179.2885343

chr9_107318752_107318879

199.0418759

chr9_107321983_107322118

194.6844742

chr9_107323890_107324017

157.6747147

chr9_107324834_107325004

166.7800603

RARA

Chromatin remodeling cofactor

No

Full-length

chr17_40348316_40348464

264.966321

H1BH2

Full-length

chr17_40352566_40352785a

16.33385634

26.58279889

13.14358956

Up—same

RNF168

Writer

No

Full-length

chr3_196475231_196475312

48.87929838

B1HB2

Full-length

chr3_196499399_196499448a

15.55914629

1.041898901

5.470952467

Down—same

chr3_196483770_196483891

241.4196715

chr3_196487399_196487578

559.0102154

chr3_196488607_196488683

281.9957217

RUVBL2

Chromatin remodeling cofactor

No

Fail

chr19_49007302_49007368

59.04042657

B1HB2

Full-length (≥ 1 < 35 samples)

chr19_49014484_49014603b

47.65755052

13.18043333

33.28447611

Same—up

chr19_49009776_49009882

35.42102967

chr19_49011192_49011310b

53.64749641

15.75904163

35.37293219

SET

Chromatin remodeling cofactor

No

Full-length (≥ 1 < 7 samples)

chr9_128691170_128691227

90.43894815

H1BH2

Full-length (≥ 1 < 55 samples)

chr9_128691837_128691856a

156.10463

270.2214865

292.7547895

Up—same

chr9_128691858_128692000d

72.31913227

chr9_128691858_128692000a, d

42.4648848

65.60493112

83.79094344

chr9_128693896_128694042

151.4424237

SF1

RNA interactor

No

Full-length (≥ 1 < 7 samples)

chr11_64764606_64766155

26.12431153

B1HB2

Full-length (≥ 1 < 35 samples)

chr11_64769426_64769669a

172.4290602

119.3861192

127.4741581

Down—up

chr11_64768106_64768286

481.6714801

chr11_64769022_64769129

287.9247696

chr11_64769223_64769338d

347.3117268

chr11_64769223_64769338a, d

268.8584151

177.0664881

189.0964138

chr11_64769426_64769609

282.135809

chr11_64769964_64770053d

189.6875959

chr11_64770256_64770408

285.8362465

chr11_64769964_64770053b, d

263.9851006

166.8656433

179.5980223

chr11_64773430_64773505

81.68394169

chr11_64776498_64776626

547.7503902

SMARCC1

Chromatin remodeling cofactor

No

Full-length

chr3_47622207_47622341d

96.91272122

B1HB2

Full-length

chr3_47622207_47622341a, d

69.77555281

82.07564582

58.44521961

Up—samec

chr3_47635190_47635344d

101.6629144

chr3_47765620_47765659a

109.4318057

60.44008143

77.52801638

Down—samec

chr3_47636022_47636136

211.0242123

chr3_47693241_47693300

161.5219186

chr3_47635190_47635344b, d

68.84826131

67.34912737

52.97551238

Same—upc

chr3_47701278_47701402

293.2391371

chr3_47706409_47706530

354.2425594

chr3_47714415_47714490b

79.49924111

65.37542844

51.74915032

Same—downc

chr3_47710683_47710808

239.6062289

H1BH2

Full-length

chr3_47638725_47638780a

164.273275

199.1667454

152.0656841

Up—same

chr3_47729025_47729094

108.5173138

chr3_47736034_47736126

318.1530337

chr3_47738029_47738110

551.5659307

chr3_47745908_47745993

250.9244825

chr3_47772817_47772936

90.04905398

TLE4

Chromatin remodeling cofactor

No

Full-length

chr9_79573689_79573786

81.6334674

B1HB2

Full-length (≥ 1 < 35 samples)

chr9_79592157_79592236b

467.4843202

474.343387

262.241103

Same—down

chr9_79652593_79652794

123.9598518

chr9_79704783_79704902

79.65856586

chr9_79705889_79705942

308.2412894

chr9_79706747_79706899

197.0445962

chr9_79708118_79708250

82.17201832

chr9_79722959_79723035

41.67603336

TRIM28

Reader

No

Full-length (≥ 1 < 7 samples)

chr19_58547792_58547906

62.21120415

B1HB2

Full-length (≥ 1 < 35 samples)

chr19_58547135_58547511a

17.9583947

11.84868698

12.65668525

Down—same

TRMT5

Writer

No

Full-length

chr14_60975475_60976126d

112.849635

B1HB2

Full-length

chr14_60975475_60976126a, d

162.1052502

126.0231338

104.0717295

Down—same

chr14_60977514_60977638

181.1539029

chr14_60979231_60979886

238.7932734

YBX1

RNA interactor

No

Full-length (≥ 1 < 7 samples)

chr1_42683403_42683466

112.849635

H1BH2

Full-length (≥ 1 < 55 samples)

chr1_42693490_42693523a

15.04921986

16.15993097

18.42589961

Up—same

YWHAZ

Reader

No

Full-length

chr8_100916525_100920752

18.15976034

B1HB2

Full-length

chr8_100952850_100953057a

7.347282187

9.551674351

6.886102163

Up—same

chr8_100924135_100924298

110.0538877

chr8_100924916_100925039

162.8023477

chr8_100951929_100952129

82.9444817

ZNF541

Chromatin remodeling cofactor

No

Fail

chr19_47521479_47521654

7.42074551

H1BH2

Fail

chr19_47521854_47521994a

20.03276583

10.73806747

14.37279423

Down—same

  1. A fivefold paternally enriched and B) twofold paternally enriched. Visual integrity was based on the UCSC Genome Browser. Mean RE abundance is in Reads per Kilobase per Million (RPKM)
  2. B1HB2 background DBP study arm baseline to crossover to crossback, H1BH2 high-DBP study arm baseline to crossover to crossback
  3. Bold text indicates the RNA Element (RE)-containing RNA (RE-RNA) is significantly altered within both DBP study arms
  4. Italicized text indicates the same RE was found in the baseline to crossover and crossover to crossback comparison
  5. aindicates the RE is from the baseline to crossover comparison
  6. bindicates the RE is from the crossover to crossback comparison
  7. cindicates a pattern of a gene in response to DBP is unknown
  8. dindicates the RE is shared between at least one DBP responsive RE and the paternally provided set
  9. eindicates the RE is shared between both DBP study arms