Fig. 2

Dynamics of pan histone lactylation in pre-implantation embryo under different oxygen concentrations. a Schematic illustration of different oxygen conditions during in vitro embryonic culture. b–e Hypoxia reduced the pan histone lactylation in blastocysts. Pan histone lactylation (Green) in pre-implantation embryos at 2-cell (2-cell), 4-cell (4-cell), morula (Morula), and blastocyst (Blast) stages collected from the atmospheric oxygen group (b), in vivo group (c), oxygen gradient group (d) and hypoxia group (e) was examined. DNA was stained with DAPI (Blue). More than 10 embryos were examined in of each stage each condition. Scale bars: 20 μm. f Quantification of the fluorescence intensity for pan histone lactylation in embryonic blastomeres (n = 30 blastomeres per developmental stage in different oxygen conditions, 3 independent experiments). Error bars indicated SEM. Statistical analysis was carried out using two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's multiple comparisons test. ⁎p < 0.05; ⁎⁎⁎p < 0.001; ⁎⁎⁎⁎p < 0.0001