Fig. 4

Gene expression profiles of DNA methyltransferases 1 and 3 (dnmt1 and dnmt3b) in zebrafish treated with 5-aza-dC. a, b 0–2-dpf treatment, short-term effects. Gene expression of dnmt1 (a) and dnmt3b (b) in larvae at 4 dpf previously treated with 5-aza-dC at 75 µM from 0 to 2 dpf. Each datapoint is the mean ± s.e.m., corresponding to 5 pools of larvae each, in turn, made of a pool of ~ 20 larvae from two independent experiments. b, c 0–2-dpf treatment, long-term effects. Gene expression of dnmt1 (c) and dnmt3b (d) in zebrafish gonads at 90 dpf after treatment with 5-aza-dC at 75 µM from 0 to 2 dpf. Data shown as mean ± s.e.m. of fold change using control values set at 1. Sample size n = 7–9 gonads per sex and treatment. Within the same sex, different letters indicate significant differences (P < 0.01) between treated and control fish analysed by Student’s t test. e, f 0–6-dpf treatment, mid-term effects. Gene expression of dnmt1 (e) and dnmt3b (f) in juvenile fish at 30 dpf treated with 5-aza-dC at 25 µM in the period 0–6 dpf. Each datapoint is the mean ± s.e.m. with n = 7 individual larvae corresponding to 3 technical replicates. The same letter between groups indicates no significant differences (P > 0.05) among groups were tested by Student’s t test. g, h 20–30-dpf treatment, short-term effect. Gene expression of dnmt1 g and dnmt3b h in body trunks of juvenile zebrafish at 30 dpf after treatment from 20 to 30 dpf with 25 µM 5-aza-dC. Data shown as mean ± s.e.m. fold change of n = 12 samples per group using control values set at 1. Significant differences (P < 0.05) are indicated by different letters