Figure 2
From: 5-hydroxymethylcytosine and its potential roles in development and cancer
Production of 2-oxoglutarate by isocitrate dehydrogenase. 2-oxoglutarate is a cofactor for Ten-eleven translocation (TET) proteins, which oxidize 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC). The isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)1 mutant R132H produces 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG), a competitive inhibitor of 2-oxoglutarate-dependent enzymes including TET proteins. The inhibition of TET activity or of other 2-oxoglutarate-dependent enzymes by 2HG may affect patterns of 5mC in the genome of IDH1 mutant cells.